Downgoing muons were generated by atmospheric shower simulations of isotropic protons with BASIEV @6# or protons and heavier nuclei with CORSIKA using the QGSJET generator @7,8#, and tracked to the detector with the muon propagation code MUDEDX @9,10#.
Two other muon propagation codes were used to check for systematic differences: PROPMU @11# with a 30% lower rate and MMC @12# with a slightly higher rate.
This fit is a simple x2 minimization of the apparent photon flux direction, for which an analytic solution can be calculated quickly @21#~see also @1#! We use time intervals of @215 ns,125 ns# and @215 ns, 175 ns#, and denote the corresponding parameters as Ndir (25) and Ndir (75) , ...
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